PD-L1 / PDCD1LG1 / CD274 / B7-H1 (Cancer Immunotherapy Target)(PDL1/2744) , CF594 conjugate , 0.1mg / mL
Engagement of CD28 by B7-1 (CD80) or B7-2 (CD86) in the presence of antigen promotes T-cell proliferation , cytokine production , differentiation of effector T-cells and the induction of BCLX , a promoter of T-cell survival. Engagement of CTLA4 by B7-1 or B7-2 , on the other hand , may inhibit proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. PD-L1 is 290-amino acid type I transmembrane protein , which is 20% and 15% identical to B7-1 and B7-2 , respectively , has immunoglobulin V-like and C-like domains and a 30-amino acid cytoplasmic tail. PD-L1 does not bind CD28 , cytotoxic T-lymphocyte A4 or ICOS (inducible co-stimulator). IL-2 , although produced in small amounts , is required for the effect of PD-L1 co-stimulation. PD-L2 protein contains a signal sequence , IgV- and IgC-like domains , a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic region. The constitutive expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on parenchymal cells of heart , lung and kidney suggests that the PD-1-PD-L system could provide unique negative signaling to help prevent autoimmune diseases. Primary antibodies are available purified , or with a selection of fluorescent CF® Dyes and other labels. CF® Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF®405S and CF®405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets , because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.